7.16 Radioactive Alternative LabPurpose: To explore Half-life of a RadioisotopeIntroduction: In this lab you will investigate radiometric dating. Thepennies represent the radio nuclide contained in our sample. An unstablenucleus decays in order to achieve a new nucleus that is either stable ora new nucleus that, in turn, will decay. This half-life is intrinsic to theisotope and cannot be altered by any extrinsic parameters such astemperature, pressure, or light.This decay of radioactive nuclei is a random event. The larger thenumber of radioactive nuclei, the closer the data will be to the probabilityof 50% of the sample decaying in one half-life.Each radio nuclide has it own characteristic half-life. Half-lives rangefrom nanoseconds to billions of years.Materials: 200 pennies, Graphical AnalysisProcedure:1.Count the number of pennies and place this number in the datatable under âNumber of Nuclei in the Sample.â This numberrepresents the total number of radioactive nuclei contained in ourradioactive sample at the start. Place these pennies into acontainer.2.Dump the pennies. The pennies that landed heads-up willrepresent decayed nuclei, the pennies tails-up are your remainingsample. Remove the âdecayedâ pennies. Count and the number ofpennies that decayed and count the remaining pennies in thesample, and place the data in the appropriate column.3.Repeat step 2 until all of the pennies have decayed.Data Table:Half-lifeNumberNumber ofNuclei in theSampleNumber of Nuclei inthe Sample That HaveDecayedStart2005211482221264238432452155378629177123895942102211001200Questions:1. Graph the âNumber of Nuclei in the Sampleâ versus the âHalf-lifeNumber.â If the sample has 1/8 of the radioactive nuclei left, howmany half-lives would the sample have gone through?2. Each time you dumped the pennies, one half-life passed; it hasbeen shown that the half-life for this radioactive isotope is 20years. In the year 2000, an archaeology team unearths potteryand is using this isotope for radiometric dating to place the age ofthe pottery. It is shown that 95% of the nuclei have decayed.Using your graph, approximately how long ago was the potterymade?3. While investigating the half-life of a radioactive isotope, thefollowing data was gathered. Graph the data; this graph shouldresemble the graph from your lab. Notice that you have a y-valueat x = 0. This is called a decay curve. Answer the followingquestions:TimeMass Remaining of the Isotope(g)(hr)0.040.003.020.006.010.009.05.0012.02.5015.01.2518.00.63a. Approximately how much mass remains after 8.0 hours?b. Approximately how much mass remains after 21.0 hours?c. What is the half-life for this isotope?
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